Depression

Depression is a common mental health disorder characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest in daily activities, low energy, feelings of helplessness, and diminished self-worth. Medically classified as an affective disorder, it profoundly impacts an individual’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

Depression primarily manifests as low mood, decreased interest, and lack of energy, with early symptoms such as slow reactions, cognitive slowness, and memory decline, although individual differences exist. Depression is not contagious but is significantly related to stressful life events, pessimistic personality traits, a history of other mental illnesses, severe chronic diseases, alcohol abuse, and substance misuse.

Treatment for depression mainly includes medication, psychotherapy, and physical treatments. Medication is a primary treatment method, generally taking effect within 2 to 4 weeks. However, all medications must be taken strictly according to doctor’s guidance. Beyond medication, psychotherapy effectively reduces the risk of relapse.

Research on depression is ongoing, with its exact causes and mechanisms still unclear. However, extensive data suggest that genetic factors, neurochemical factors, and psychosocial factors significantly influence depression’s onset.