Social Stratification

Social stratification refers to the hierarchical or differential phenomenon among social members and groups due to varying possession of social resources, particularly the institutionalized system of social differences based on law and regulations. This concept, initially borrowed from geology as “stratify,” was later adopted by sociologists to analyze social structure, forming the sociological category of “social stratification.”

Social stratification can be categorized into various types based on different standards, including:

– Class Stratification: Divided by economic status and wealth, traditionally into upper, middle, and lower classes.

– Racial and Ethnic Stratification: Based on an individual’s race or ethnic identity.

– Educational Stratification: Divided by educational attainment and qualifications.

– Occupational Stratification: Based on the occupation or job an individual engages in.

– Gender Stratification: Based on an individual’s gender.

Governments can develop targeted policies based on the needs and resource possession of different social groups to promote social equity and harmony. By analyzing social stratification, it becomes easier to address social issues and foster social harmony.